As 2025 comes to a close, East Africa continues to contend with a mix of political unrest, social tensions, and major infrastructure plans. From contested elections and violent protests in Tanzania to restrictions on demonstrations in Kenya, and the build-up to polls in Uganda, the region remains at a critical juncture.
According to Dennis Beru, journalist and team leader at Grassroots Journalism Kenya, Tanzania has faced serious challenges since the October elections. He notes that following President Samia Suluhu Hassan’s re-election with 97% of the vote, large-scale demonstrations erupted. “Hundreds of protesters were reportedly killed, while journalists covering the unrest faced arrests, injuries, and in some cases, fatalities. Kelvin Lameck Mwakangondya was shot while reporting,” Beru explained. An internet blackout between October 29 and November 3 further restricted information, drawing concern from international press freedom groups.
Kenya has also seen unrest linked to previous demonstrations. Protesters affected by the Gen Z protests in June 2024 attempted to march to State House in Nairobi on December 22 but were blocked by authorities. “Police intervened, citing security concerns, and several participants were arrested,” Beru said, pointing to ongoing social and economic grievances among Kenya’s youth.
Localised tribal clashes have compounded security concerns. In Narok County, at least 1 800 people were displaced, and more than 250 households destroyed during renewed violence. Relief agencies are providing psychological support and mobilising assistance for affected families.
In Uganda, campaigning is underway ahead of the January 15, 2026 elections. Beru says the incumbent, President Yoweri Museveni, has pledged a free and fair vote, stressing peace as a national priority. Opposition leader Bobby Wine has reported harassment and restricted movement, highlighting the challenges facing political space ahead of the election.
Beru stresses that political stability, civic freedoms, and social cohesion remain central to governance, economic progress, and public confidence in institutions.
–ChannelAfrica–
