The Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory and Israel said civilians are being “systematically and deliberately” subjected to abuses, with violence taking different forms across the two territories. In the West Bank, the report highlights a surge in settler attacks, while in Gaza it documents serious abuses by Hamas-affiliated forces.
Commission Chairperson Srinivasan Muralidhar said settler violence is linked to Israeli state policies that enable and protect such actions. The report found that attacks by settlers have increased sharply, with casualties rising significantly compared to previous years. It also alleges that authorities have provided financial and military support and failed to hold perpetrators accountable, contributing to a climate of impunity.
The findings suggest that settler violence is being used as a tool to advance broader objectives, including the expansion of settlements, annexation of Palestinian land and displacement of local communities. The report documents cases of assault, abduction and abuse, including incidents involving children. It also raises concerns about the use of sexual violence and threats as a means of intimidation.
In Gaza, the Commission reported numerous cases of executions and severe physical punishment carried out between 2024 and 2025. These included killings, beatings and acts described as torture, often justified by perpetrators as punishment for alleged offences such as collaboration or theft. The report states that such acts may constitute war crimes and violate international humanitarian and human rights law.
Muralidhar said the severity and public nature of these actions are exacerbating trauma in an already vulnerable population. The report notes that prolonged conflict and destruction in Gaza have contributed to conditions in which such abuses occur.
At the same time, the investigators also highlighted attacks by Palestinian armed groups against Israeli civilians in 2023, raising concerns about violations of international law, including the principles of distinction and proportionality.
The Commission called for stronger protection of civilians and accountability for violations by all parties. The report is expected to be presented to the Human Rights Council in Geneva in June, as calls grow for measures to address ongoing abuses and ensure adherence to international law.
–UN/ChannelAfrica–
