An IMF team led by Alexandre Chailloux met authorities and stakeholders in Bujumbura from April 27 to May 8 as part of the 2026 Article IV consultation. Discussions focused on economic performance, risks and reforms needed to stabilise the economy and support growth.
The IMF said Burundi’s economy expanded by about 4.2% in 2025, driven largely by export performance. Higher international prices for gold and coffee, combined with increased export volumes, boosted foreign exchange inflows and eased pressure on the currency market.
Gold exports rose significantly from about 400 kg in 2024 to 1.2 tonnes in 2025. Despite these gains, the IMF noted that the gap between official and parallel exchange rates remains high, standing at about 100% at the end of April 2026.
Fiscal performance also improved, with the deficit projected to narrow to 3.4% of gross domestic product (GDP) in the 2025 to 2026 fiscal year, from 5.5% in the previous year. However, revenue collection challenges persist, particularly from non-tax sources.
Public debt was estimated at 42% of GDP at the end of 2025 and remains sustainable, although the IMF warned that the risk of debt distress is high. Continued fiscal discipline and cautious borrowing were highlighted as critical.
Inflation declined sharply, falling from about 45.5% in April 2025 to 10.8% in March 2026, moving closer to the central bank’s 8% target. The IMF attributed this to improved coordination between fiscal and monetary policy.
Looking ahead, growth is projected at about 3.9% in 2026, with expectations of gradual strengthening over the medium term. However, the outlook remains uncertain, with risks linked to domestic challenges and global developments, including conflict in the Middle East.
The IMF called for further reforms to strengthen revenue collection, improve public financial management and support key sectors such as agriculture, energy and mining.
Chailloux said maintaining reform momentum will be essential to sustain stability, reduce poverty and support long-term growth.
–IMF/ChannelAfrica–
